I know some folks are worried about EV "mandates" and think they'll be forced to buy EVs only by say 2035. Indeed, that is a current plan for some states like CA. Such plans of course are one governator away from change. And even a liberal governor might recognize in 2034 that the "System" isn't ready (and maybe it will be).
But for CA residents, there would be no problem as yet buying some lightly used ICE vehicle in Nevada (or in CA for that matter). I'd guess a thriving used car business will spring up. This presumes that EVs and the infrastructure for them don't improve a lot to the point most rational folks agree they are equal in most respects and better in some. They aren't today, they could be in a decade.
I still am hungup on the cost of charging away from home. Maybe that gets subsidized. But if you thing about it, a company that provides such chargers has to buy the charger, pay for installation and then electricity, plus maintenance, billing, etc. etc. Maybe in CA they could do it for say double the average cost of electricity, or perhaps at least 15 cents for profit and sunk costs etc.
Electricity Cost in California: 2024 Electric Rates | EnergySageElectricity Rates by State | April 2024 | ChooseEnergy.com®I don't know if that is accurate, it seems high, and I see figures all over the place, let's just take 30 cents as the average. So, the away from home charger would cost 45-60 cents per kWhr. The math still doesn't work out for the EV. They require about 30 kWhrs to go 100 miles. Even at 30 cents, that would cost $9 obviously. I know gas is high out there, let's say the cost goes even higher in the future to $5/gallon. At 20 mpg, you're looking at a costly $25 for 100 miles, ouch.
But of course, a hybrid vehicle similar to the EV might get more like 40 mpg, so your advantage shrinks to being smallish, and if you charge away from home, it goes negative with any realistic calculation. Maybe pickup trucks and SUVs could have better numbers, maybe not. I'd guess hybrid large pickups will be a thing by then.